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The white-throated woodrat (''Neotoma albigula'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found from central Mexico north to Utah and Colorado in the United States. It is primarily a western species in the United States, extending from central Texas west to southeastern California. Since that work, populations east of the Rio Grande in New Mexico and Trans-Pecos Texas have been assigned to the white-toothed woodrat (''Neotoma leucodon'').〔 The animal lives mostly in the Upper and Lower Sonoran life zones, occurring from pinyon-juniper woodland in higher country to desert habitats at lower elevations. As with other species of woodrats, the white-throated woodrat constructs middens of a variety of materials such as sticks, cactus parts, and miscellaneous debris. An above-ground chamber within the midden contains a nest lined with grasses and kept free of feces. In non-rocky areas, the den usually is several feet in diameter and most commonly built around the base of a shrub that gives additional cover. In areas of rocky outcrops, crevices often are utilized, with sticks and other materials preventing free access to the nesting chamber. Molecular data suggest that this species separated from other species of the ''Neotoma floridana'' group (''Neotoma floridana'', ''Neotoma micropus'', ''Neotoma leucodon'') about 155,000 years ago during the Illinoian Stage of the Pleistocene. This is consistent with the oldest known fossils from Slaton, Texas. This rodent is a common fossil in Southwestern cave faunas, with over 20 fossil localities of Pleistocene age known from New Mexico alone. ==Distribution== The ranges of the white-throated woodrat and its subspecies are from the southeastern corners of Nevada and California across southern Utah and all of Arizona to southwestern Colorado, across west Texas and south to central Mexico.〔〔Hall, E. Raymond; Kelson, Keith R. 1959. The mammals of North America. New York: Ronald Press Company〕 *''Neotoma albigula albigula'' (Hartley) – Northern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona south along the east side of the Sierra Madre Oriental, to southern Coahuila, Mexico. Also central Texas to western Arizona, and south along the western side of the Sierra Madre Occidental to central Sonora〔〔 *''Neotoma albigula brevicauda'' (Durrant) – Utah and Colorado〔 *''Neotoma albigula durangae'' (J. A. Allen) – Southwestern Chihuahua〔〔 and central Durango, Mexico〔 *''Neotoma albigula laplataensis'' (F.W. Miller) – Utah, Colorado, and Arizona〔 *''Neotoma albigula latifrons'' (Merriam) – Michoacán, Mexico〔〔 *''Neotoma albigula leucodon'' (Merriam) – East of the Rio Grande in New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma;〔 Durango, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Aguascalientes, Querétaro, Hidalgo,〔〔 and southeastern Coahuila, Mexico〔 *''Neotoma albigula mearnsi'' (Goldman) – Arizona *''Neotoma albigula melanura'' (Merriam) – Central Sonora,〔〔 Chihuahua,〔 and Sinaloa, Mexico〔 *''Neotoma albigula melas'' (Dice) – New Mexico *''Neotoma albigula robusta'' (Blair) – Texas〔 *''Neotoma albigula seri'' (Townsend) – Northeastern Sonora, Mexico〔〔 *''Neotoma albigula sheldoni'' (Goldman) – Northeastern Sonora, Mexico〔〔 *''Neotoma albigula subsolana'' (Alvarez) – Coahuila,〔 Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, and Coahuila, Mexico〔 *''Neotoma albigula venusta'' (True)〔 – Colorado River valley in western Arizona〔 south to Sonora and Baja California, Mexico *''Neotoma albigula warreni''〔〔 – Colorado, Oklahoma,〔〔 northeastern New Mexico,〔〔 and Texas〔 In general, white-throated woodrats occupy desert grasslands, semiarid shrublands,〔Hall, E. Raymond. (1981) "''Neotoma albigula'': White-throated wood rat", pp. 751–754 in ''The mammals of North America''. 2nd ed. Vol. 2. New York: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 1930665350.〕〔〔Whitaker, John O., Jr. 1980. National Audubon Society field guide to North American mammals. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc〕 saguaro (''Carnegiea gigantea'') cactus communities,〔Kricher, John C. (1993) A field guide to the ecology of western forests. The Peterson Field Guide Series No. 45. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.〕 pinyon-juniper (''Pinus-Juniperus'' spp.) woodlands, interior ponderosa pine (''P. ponderosa var. scopulorum'') forests, and Madrean evergreen woodland (''Pinus'' spp.-''Quercus'' spp.).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「White-throated woodrat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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